Agricultural and food science technicians assist agricultural and food scientists by performing duties such as measuring and analyzing the quality of food and agricultural products. Duties range from performing agricultural labor with added recordkeeping duties to laboratory testing with significant amounts of office work, depending on the particular field the technician works in.
Specific duties of these technicians vary with their specialty.
Agricultural science technicians typically do the following:
Food science technicians typically do the following:
Agricultural and food science technicians often specialize by subject area, which includes animal health, farm machinery, fertilizers, agricultural chemicals, or processing technology. Duties can vary considerably by specialization.
Agricultural science technicians typically study ways to increase the productivity of crops and animals. These workers may keep detailed records, collect samples for analyses, ensure that samples meet proper safety and quality standards, and test crops and animals for disease or to confirm the results of scientific experiments.
Food science technicians who work in manufacturing investigate new production or processing techniques. They also ensure that products will be fit for distribution or are produced as efficiently as expected. Many food science technicians spend time inspecting foodstuffs, chemicals, and additives to determine whether they are safe and have the proper combination of ingredients.
Agricultural technicians held about 16,400 jobs in 2021. The largest employers of agricultural technicians were as follows:
| Colleges, universities, and professional schools; state, local, and private | 22% |
| Research and development in the physical, engineering, and life sciences | 14 |
| Animal production and aquaculture | 10 |
| Crop production | 9 |
| Wholesale trade | 7 |
Food science technicians held about 15,200 jobs in 2021. The largest employers of food science technicians were as follows:
| Food manufacturing | 51% |
| Animal production and aquaculture | 12 |
| Crop production | 11 |
| Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing | 7 |
| Professional, scientific, and technical services | 4 |
Technicians work in a variety of settings, including laboratories, processing plants, farms and ranches, greenhouses, and offices. Technicians who work in processing plants and agricultural settings may face noise from processing and farming machinery, extreme temperatures, and odors from chemicals or animals. They may need to lift and carry objects, and be physically active for long periods of time.
Agricultural and food science technicians typically work full time and have standard work schedules. Technicians may need to travel, including international travel.
Agricultural and food science technicians typically need an associate’s degree in biology, chemistry, crop or animal science, or a related field. Some positions require candidates to have a bachelor’s degree, and others a high school diploma or equivalent plus related work experience.
Students interested in a career as an agricultural or food science technician should take as many high school science and math classes as possible. A solid background in applied chemistry, biology, physics, math, and statistics is important. Knowledge of how to use spreadsheets and databases also may be necessary.
Agricultural and food science technicians typically need an associate’s degree in biology, chemistry, crop or animal science, or a related field from an accredited college or university. Some agricultural and food science technician positions require a bachelor’s degree.
Students may take courses in biology, chemistry, plant or animal science, and agricultural engineering as part of their programs. Programs include technical instruction and hands-on experience. Many schools offer internships, cooperative-education, and other programs designed to provide practical experience and enhance employment prospects.
Some agricultural and food science technicians successfully enter the occupation with a high school diploma or equivalent, but they typically need related work experience and on-the-job training that may last a year or more.
Agricultural and food science technicians typically undergo on-the-job training. Various federal government regulations outline the types of training needed for technicians, which varies by work environment and specific job requirements. Training may cover topics such as production techniques, personal hygiene, and sanitation procedures.
Analytical skills. Agricultural and food science technicians must conduct a variety of observations and on-site measurements, all of which require precision, accuracy, and math skills.
Communication skills. Agricultural and food science technicians must understand and give clear instructions, keep detailed records, and, occasionally, write reports.
Critical-thinking skills. Agricultural and food science technicians reach conclusions through sound reasoning and judgment. They determine how to improve food quality and must test products for a variety of safety standards.
Interpersonal skills. Agricultural and food science technicians need to work well with others. They may supervise agricultural and food processing workers and receive instruction from scientists or specialists, so effective communication is critical.
Physical stamina. Agricultural and food science technicians who work in manufacturing or agricultural settings may need to stand for long periods, lift objects, and generally perform physical labor.
Workers who enter the occupation with only a high school diploma or equivalent often must have experience in a related occupation during which they develop their knowledge of agriculture or manufacturing processes. These related occupations include food and tobacco processing workers and agricultural workers.
Median annual wages, May 2021
The median annual wage for agricultural technicians was $40,430 in May 2021. The median wage is the wage at which half the workers in an occupation earned more than that amount and half earned less. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $29,010, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $62,200.
The median annual wage for food science technicians was $46,590 in May 2021. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $33,710, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $62,920.
In May 2021, the median annual wages for agricultural technicians in the top industries in which they worked were as follows:
| Colleges, universities, and professional schools; state, local, and private | $48,050 |
| Research and development in the physical, engineering, and life sciences | 41,580 |
| Wholesale trade | 38,180 |
In May 2021, the median annual wages for food science technicians in the top industries in which they worked were as follows:
| Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing | $47,860 |
| Food manufacturing | 46,590 |
| Professional, scientific, and technical services | 38,560 |
Agricultural and food science technicians typically work full time and have standard work schedules. Technicians may need to travel, including international travel.
Percent change in employment, projected 2021-31
Overall employment of agricultural and food science technicians is projected to grow 9 percent from 2021 to 2031, faster than the average for all occupations.
About 4,900 openings for agricultural and food science technicians are projected each year, on average, over the decade. Many of those openings are expected to result from the need to replace workers who transfer to different occupations or exit the labor force, such as to retire.
Demand will continue for agricultural research into topics such as water resources, pests and pathogens, climate and weather patterns, and biofuels and other agricultural products.
Agricultural science technicians will be needed to assist agricultural and food scientists in investigating and improving the diets, living conditions, and genetic makeup of livestock. Food science technicians will help scientists improve food-processing techniques, ensuring that products are safe, waste is limited, and food is shipped efficiently. Technicians also will continue to be needed to help analyze soil composition and soil improvement techniques, find uses for agricultural byproducts, and selectively breed crops to resist pests and disease or to improve taste.
| Occupational Title | SOC Code | Employment, 2021 | Projected Employment, 2031 | Change, 2021-31 | Employment by Industry | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Percent | Numeric | ||||||
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections program |
|||||||
Agricultural and food science technicians |
19-4010 | 31,600 | 34,400 | 9 | 2,700 | Get data | |
Agricultural technicians |
19-4012 | 16,400 | 18,000 | 10 | 1,600 | Get data | |
Food science technicians |
19-4013 | 15,200 | 16,300 | 8 | 1,200 | Get data | |
For more information about agricultural and soil science occupations, visit
Soil Science Society of America
For more information about food and animal science occupations, visit
American Registry of Professional Animal Scientists
American Society of Animal Science
Institute of Food Technologists
For information from related governmental agencies, visit
U.S. Department of Agriculture
U.S. Food and Drug Administration