Computer hardware engineers research, design, develop, and test computer systems and components such as processors, circuit boards, memory devices, networks, and routers.
Computer hardware engineers typically do the following:
Many hardware engineers design devices used in manufactured products that incorporate processors and other computer components and that connect to the Internet. For example, many new cars, home appliances, and medical devices have Internet-ready computer systems built into them.
Computer hardware engineers ensure that computer hardware components work together with the latest software. Therefore, hardware engineers often work with software developers. For example, the hardware and software for mobile phones and other devices frequently are developed at the same time.
Computer hardware engineers held about 76,900 jobs in 2021. The largest employers of computer hardware engineers were as follows:
| Computer systems design and related services | 19% |
| Research and development in the physical, engineering, and life sciences | 18 |
| Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing | 12 |
| Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing | 8 |
| Federal government | 7 |
Most computer hardware engineers work full time.
Computer hardware engineers typically need a bachelor’s degree from an accredited program.
Entry-level computer hardware engineers typically need a bachelor’s degree in computer engineering or a related field, such as computer and information technology. Employers may prefer to hire candidates who have graduated from an engineering program accredited by a professional association, such as ABET. To prepare for a major in computer or electrical engineering, students should have a solid background in math and science.
Because hardware engineers commonly work with computer software systems, a familiarity with computer programming is usually expected. This background may be obtained through computer science courses.
Some large firms or specialized jobs may require a master’s degree in computer engineering. Some experienced engineers obtain a master’s degree in business administration (MBA). All engineers must continue their learning over the course of their careers in order to keep up with rapid advances in technology.
Some students participate in internships while in school so that they can gain practical experience.
Some computer hardware engineers can advance to become computer and information systems managers.
Analytical skills. Computer hardware engineers use computer programming tools to analyze the digital circuits in hardware to determine the best design.
Critical-thinking skills. These engineers use logic and reasoning to clarify goals, examine assumptions, and identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions.
Problem-solving skills. Computer hardware engineers identify complex problems in computer hardware, develop and evaluate possible solutions, and figure out the best way to implement them.
Communication skills. Engineers often work on teams and must be able to communicate with other types of engineers, software developers and programmers, as well as with nontechnical team members.
Median annual wages, May 2021
The median annual wage for computer hardware engineers was $128,170 in May 2021. The median wage is the wage at which half the workers in an occupation earned more than that amount and half earned less. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $77,100, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $208,000.
In May 2021, the median annual wages for computer hardware engineers in the top industries in which they worked were as follows:
| Research and development in the physical, engineering, and life sciences | $164,980 |
| Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing | 131,560 |
| Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing | 127,690 |
| Computer systems design and related services | 127,690 |
| Federal government | 119,770 |
Most computer hardware engineers work full time.
Percent change in employment, projected 2021-31
Employment of computer hardware engineers is projected to grow 5 percent from 2021 to 2031, about as fast as the average for all occupations.
About 5,300 openings for computer hardware engineers are projected each year, on average, over the decade. Many of those openings are expected to result from the need to replace workers who transfer to different occupations or exit the labor force, such as to retire.
Demand for computer hardware engineers is expected to grow, as these workers are needed to design parts for manufactured products that use processors and other components, such as household appliances, medical devices, and automobiles. As new technologies expand, however, an expected uptick in focus on software innovation compared with hardware may temper demand for these engineers.
| Occupational Title | SOC Code | Employment, 2021 | Projected Employment, 2031 | Change, 2021-31 | Employment by Industry | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Percent | Numeric | ||||||
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections program |
|||||||
Computer hardware engineers |
17-2061 | 76,900 | 80,600 | 5 | 3,700 | Get data | |
For more information about computer hardware engineers, visit
Association for Computing Machinery
For more information about ABET-accredited college and university programs in applied science, computing, engineering, and technology, visit
For a career video on computer hardware engineers, visit