Electrical and electronics installers and repairers install or repair a variety of electrical equipment in telecommunications, transportation, utilities, and other industries.
Electrical and electronics installers and repairers typically do the following:
Modern manufacturing plants and transportation systems use a large amount of electrical and electronics equipment, from assembly line motors to sonar systems. Electrical and electronics installers and repairers fix and maintain these complex pieces of equipment.
Because automated electronic control systems are becoming more complex, repairers use software programs and testing equipment to diagnose malfunctions. Among their diagnostic tools are multimeters—which measure voltage, current, and resistance—and advanced multimeters, which measure the capacitance, inductance, and current gain of transistors.
Repairers also use signal generators, which provide test signals, and oscilloscopes, which display signals graphically. In addition, repairers often use hand tools such as pliers, screwdrivers, and wrenches to replace faulty parts and adjust equipment.
The following are examples of types of electrical and electronics installers and repairers:
Commercial and industrial electrical and electronics equipment repairers adjust, test, repair, or install electronic equipment, such as industrial controls, transmitters, and antennas.
Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers—such as armature winders, generator mechanics, and electric golf cart repairers—specialize in installing, maintaining, and repairing electric motors, wiring, or switches.
Electrical and electronics installers and repairers of transportation equipment install, adjust, or maintain mobile communication equipment, including sound, sonar, security, navigation, and surveillance systems on trains, watercraft, or other vehicles.
Electronic equipment installers and repairers of motor vehicles install, diagnose, and repair sound, security, and navigation equipment in motor vehicles. These installers and repairers work with a range of complex electronic equipment, including digital audio and video players, navigation systems, and passive and active security systems.
Powerhouse, substation, and relay electrical and electronics repairers inspect, test, maintain, or repair electrical equipment used in generating stations, substations, and in-service relays. These workers also may be known as powerhouse electricians, relay technicians, or power transformer repairers.
Electrical and electronics installers and repairers held about 111,500 jobs in 2021. Employment in the detailed occupations that make up electrical and electronics installers and repairers was distributed as follows:
| Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment | 52,800 |
| Electrical and electronics repairers, powerhouse, substation, and relay | 22,800 |
| Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers | 17,400 |
| Electronic equipment installers and repairers, motor vehicles | 9,200 |
| Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment | 9,200 |
The largest employers of electrical and electronics installers and repairers were as follows:
| Manufacturing | 17% |
| Utilities | 14 |
| Wholesale trade | 12 |
| Repair and maintenance | 10 |
| Federal government, excluding postal service | 9 |
Many electrical and electronics installers and repairers work in repair shops or in factories, and some may work outside when they travel to job sites.
Installers and repairers may have to lift heavy equipment and work in awkward positions. They spend most of their day walking, standing, or kneeling.
The majority of electrical and electronics installers and repairers work full time.
Electrical and electronics installers and repairers need at least a high school education, but most specializations require further preparation through advanced education, work experience, or both.
Electrical and electronics installers and repairers must understand electrical equipment and electronics. As a result, employers often prefer applicants who have taken courses in electronics at a community college or technical school. Courses usually cover AC and DC electronics, electronic devices, and microcontrollers. It is important for prospects to choose schools that include hands-on training in order to gain practical experience.
In addition to technical education, workers usually receive training on specific types of equipment. This may involve manufacturer-specific training for repairers who will perform warranty work.
Before working independently, entry-level repairers usually develop their skills while working with experienced technicians who provide technical guidance.
Some electrical and electronics installers and repairers need prior work experience. Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers typically begin by helping in machine or electrical workshops, where they gain experience with tools and motors.
Powerhouse, substation, and relay electrical and electronics repairers often gain experience by first working as electricians.
While certification is not required, a number of organizations offer it, and it can be useful in getting a job. For example, the Electronics Technicians Association International (ETA International) offers more than 50 certification programs in numerous electronics specialties for various levels of competency. The International Society of Certified Electronics Technicians (ISCET) also offers certification for several levels of competence. The ISCET focuses on a broad range of topics, including basic electronics, electronic systems, and appliance service. To become certified, applicants must meet prerequisites and pass a comprehensive exam.
Color vision. Electrical and electronics installers and repairers must be able to identify the color-coded components that are often used in electronic equipment.
Communication skills. Electrical and electronics installers and repairers work closely with customers, so they must listen to and understand customers’ descriptions of problems and explain solutions in a simple, clear manner.
Physical stamina. Some electrical and electronics installers and repairers must stand at their station for their full shift, which can be tiring.
Physical strength. Electrical and electronics installers and repairers may need to lift heavy parts during the repair process. Some components weigh over 50 pounds.
Technical skills. Electrical and electronics installers and repairers use a variety of mechanical and diagnostic tools to install or repair equipment.
Troubleshooting skills. Electrical and electronics installers and repairers must be able to identify problems with equipment and systems and make the necessary repairs.
Median annual wages, May 2021
The median annual wage for electrical and electronics installers and repairers was $61,760 in May 2021. The median wage is the wage at which half the workers in an occupation earned more than that amount and half earned less. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $37,050, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $100,300.
Median annual wages for electrical and electronics installers and repairers in May 2021 were as follows:
| Electrical and electronics repairers, powerhouse, substation, and relay | $93,420 |
| Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment | 77,250 |
| Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment | 61,730 |
| Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers | 46,910 |
| Electronic equipment installers and repairers, motor vehicles | 40,670 |
In May 2021, the median annual wages for electrical and electronics installers and repairers in the top industries in which they worked were as follows:
| Utilities | $97,480 |
| Federal government, excluding postal service | 66,710 |
| Manufacturing | 60,360 |
| Wholesale trade | 47,860 |
| Repair and maintenance | 47,830 |
The majority of electrical and electronics installers and repairers work full time.
Percent change in employment, projected 2021-31
Overall employment of electrical and electronics installers and repairers is projected to show little or no change from 2021 to 2031.
Despite limited employment growth, about 9,900 openings for electrical and electronics installers and repairers are projected each year, on average, over the decade. Most of those openings are expected to result from the need to replace workers who transfer to different occupations or exit the labor force, such as to retire.
Projected employment of electrical and electronics installers and repairers varies by occupation (see table).
Over the projections decade, improvements in electrical and electronics equipment design and increased use of disposable tool parts are expected to dampen the need for electrical and electronics equipment installers and repairers.
Motor vehicle manufacturers continue to install high-quality sound, security, entertainment, and navigation systems in new vehicles. In addition, smartphones offer many features previously installed directly in vehicles. These consumer offerings reduce demand for installing aftermarket products and for repairing high-quality systems, which is expected to limit the need for electrical and electronics installers and repairers.
| Occupational Title | SOC Code | Employment, 2021 | Projected Employment, 2031 | Change, 2021-31 | Employment by Industry | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Percent | Numeric | ||||||
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections program |
|||||||
Electrical and electronics installers and repairers |
— | 111,500 | 110,300 | -1 | -1,100 | — | |
Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers |
49-2092 | 17,400 | 18,100 | 4 | 700 | Get data | |
Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment |
49-2093 | 9,200 | 9,500 | 3 | 300 | Get data | |
Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment |
49-2094 | 52,800 | 54,000 | 2 | 1,200 | Get data | |
Electrical and electronics repairers, powerhouse, substation, and relay |
49-2095 | 22,800 | 21,700 | -5 | -1,100 | Get data | |
Electronic equipment installers and repairers, motor vehicles |
49-2096 | 9,200 | 7,100 | -23 | -2,200 | Get data | |
For more information about electrical and electronics installers and repairers, including careers and certification, visit
Electronics Technicians Association International
International Society of Certified Electronics Technicians
Electric Motor, Power Tool, and Related Repairers
Electrical and Electronics Installers and Repairers, Transportation Equipment
Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Commercial and Industrial Equipment
Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Powerhouse, Substation, and Relay
Electronic Equipment Installers and Repairers, Motor Vehicles